She became interested in entomology through her husband and began her education in the subject in the 1870s by collecting insects for him around Maine State College in Orono, where he was teaching at the time. They had a son, Henry Torsey Fernald, in 1866, who also became an entomologist. In 1862 or 1863, she married entomologist Charles H. She stayed at the school as an instructor for a time. She attended the Maine Wesleyan Seminary and Female College, graduating in the school's first class. Maria Elizabeth Smith was born on May 24, 1839, to Ebenezer and Betsy (Torsey) Smith of Monmouth, Maine. She was also instrumental in identifying the caterpillar form of the economically destructive European spongy moth following its introduction into North America. Maria Elizabeth Smith Fernald (– October 6, 1919) was an American entomologist who wrote a major reference book, A Catalogue of the Coccidae of the World.
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